Pavement and pavement mat



*OCL 1l, 1932. E KELLER, JR

PAVEMENT AND PAVEMENT MAT Filed July 5, 1929 Patented 0st. 11, 1932 EUGENE KELLER, JR., OF VlYOMINC-t, OHIO,

PATENT ori-ICE Y ASSIGNOR TO THE PHILIP CAREY MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF OHIO PAVEMENT AND PAVEMENT MAT Y Application filed V.Tuly 5,

'My invention relates to an improvement in pavements and' is especially adapted to pave- Vmentsbetween tracks, or rails, or other fixed construction. Y

By my invention I provide a pavement mat which consists of suitable supports to which is Xedly secured a traffic surface. These mats can Vbe and preferably are assembled in i a factory so as to secure proper assembly of 1o the parts, desired size and form so that they maybe readily laid in place and properly fit thespace they are to occupy. The mats are V'held in position by a few attaching devices so that` theymay be readily takenup for inspecif. tion or repair to any portion of the construction below them and then relaid' without damage to or breaking of the trafc surface or to the mats. f

My invention is yespecially adapted for use `2o in pavements between and adjacent to rails 3G where it is desirable to have a pavement not affected by temperature changes, vibration, sudden shocks or moisture or water.

In the drawing, Fig. l is a cross section through a railroad crossing. Fig. 2 is a top view reduced in size of the two mats, be-

tweenthe rails in Fig. l.

In the drawing, A, A are rails mounted 'on tie plates B and fiXedly secured to the cross ties E by spikes C. D, D are paving 10 mats composed of foundation or supporting members F which may be. of wood, metal, cement or any suitable material sufiiciently rigid and having the desired strength to sustain the weights passing over the traffic sur- 5 face without sag. I have found wood string- 1929. Serial 1\l'0.'f575,912.y

the finished mat. I have found it very satisfactory to make the mats in six, seven, eight, ten or twelve feet lengths; therefore, the foundation members would be of that length. The width of the foundation members would vary, depending upon the place where the mats were to be located and also depending upon whether or not the mat was to be used in a curved track in which event the foundation members F could all be curved to correspond to the arc of the track where theywere" to be used or the outside foundation ymembers curved and the intermediate member straight with the spacing between the members lled in with wood strips or wedges. If desired the wood foundation members F could be curved by cutting them to the desired arc in the factory. These foundation members are fixedly secured together in any suitable way. I have shown in the drawing however, rods G which pass horizontally through the adjacent members F and are provided at their ends with suitable nuts I-I to hold the members F in fixed position with respect to each other. The two or more foundation Vvmembers F having been iixedly secured together by the rods or bolts G, I then apply on the foundation members AF, slabs I, I. These trafiic slabs I, I are composedof bituminous material, brous material and granular mineral materials such" as sand, granular slate, etc., which have been thoroughly mixed to form a homogeneous mass and then moulded to the desired size and form under pressure so as to form a com-A pact rigid yet somewhat plastic traffic surface. The hardness or density of the slab I,

may be regulated and controlled by the character of the bituminous material used or the quantity of fibre, or the `quantity of granular mineral vused or the quantity and charac- ,te'igfof.two orfmore of such materials. rlvhe greater-'the quantity of mineral in proportion to the bituminous material used the harder' the product willfbe; the higher the melting point Joffthebituminous material the harder I the product iwill be; all of 'which will be thori oughly understood by anyone familiar with Vthe vnia'nufactureV of products using bitumi-v nous materials. While vin the ldrawing vI have shown the slabs l, i as two 1n number on each mat a single slab l maybe used or more than two.` however, prefer when more than one slab is used to have themar-f ranged to break jointy with thek Joint between adjacent supporting foundation members F Yso that there is no unbroken vertical joint through the mat. The traflic slabs l are lixed i to the foundation members 4F by suitable screws, bolts or nails J. If desired, before placing the slabs lon the foundation mem? bersF, the upper surface of;` the foundation members AF may be coated with an asphaitic or similar coating K, thereby cementing the `surface slabs l to the foundation membersv Fr and Vwater-prooiingy the .joint between f them. ThelongitudinalV and lateral edges'of the mats-are preferably vertical kand at right angles to the opposite surfaces ,ofl vthe matl but if desired the adjacent sides ofthe mats l'could berprovided with altongue and groove or yship lap constructicnso as.A to break the Y:joints between them..V Y The mats D, D constructed las above described are'in practice preferably mounted upon a foundation or support, particularly in railroad` crossings .and similar railroad work, such' as railroad Vties E,z The mats being of considerable 7 vlength invproportion to their width'erttend 'overa number of the tiesspanningthejspace ybetween n them and forming a solid, rigid pavementzixedto and supported entirely .by the ties f When my mats areused in railroad construction such as shown in the drawing, I

. provide railvfiller X and Y as shown, Y being Von the outside of the rail and X being on the inside of therail and of such` cross sectional `form so as to provide a iiange way for, the

flange of the car wheel. yTo assist in supportr ingthe rail'iller flange section X, I provide an angle iron L having a horizontal member rwhich extends longitudinally of the rail and yupon which the rail filler rests and a vertical Ymember vestending along the side e of the rail filler X parallel to the web of vtherail between e thekrail A,filler-X and'adjacentfmatsl).V This `vertical:member of the angle 'iron L does not extend to fthe traliic surface. vThe space betweenthey top'of the vertical member of the 'material Y Y Y Y Y While my pavement mats are especially angle iron L vand the trac `surface of the pavement is filled with any suitable material M and l have found preformed expansion i joints very satisfactory for the purpose. rlhe angle irons L are attached to the foundation member F of the mat by screws orother suit-r able means. !After the llers X and Y, the mats and the filler members M are in place l insert between the two mats a filler N preferably a preformed filler of bituminous mate'- rial or bituminous material containing fiber such as an expansion-joint. Aafter the mats have been placed with the fillers li and N so that there is no space between them, lVV fasten the mats by lag screws ,O to the'ties By' reason of the irregular surfaces of the vso ties Eit may in some vcases be desirable to pro-k Y vide a shim AP covering the surface of the ties so as toafford a solidsupport on the ties for the mats.` These shims may be of any suitable adapted for railroad 'work where they may be rested upon the ties,I would have it understood that' thesefmats may be'gused without ties or similar supports inin'any places, such for instance as providing runwaysfor anto` mobiles' where it is desirable'to have either a continuous pavement form the runwaT ,i in which case the mats couldbe laid laterally. of

ythe runway, or Vin the eventvit was "desired Ymerelypto provide'separate runways under the wheels in which eventtlie-mats coul'dbejlaid directly @on theV 'ground at 'predetermined vdistance's sothatlthey'would afford proper par-V allel runways for thewheels. i

`While l havejshown theA drawing wood ties E, metal ties or other ties could be used in which eve-nt mymatsY would be attached directly to the metal ties by any suitable means such as bolts. Y .l I

l. A' pavement unit consisting of a: plurality of traffic surface members, a removable mat composed of a plurality of supporting members, a rod passing through said supporting membersl for holding said supporting members together and means for holdingsaid trai'iic surface Vmembers fined with relation to said supporting members.V "5 Y j 2. In aY pavement, foundation members, a pavementmat supported vby a plurality of said foundationmembers, said pavement mat:

consisting of a trai'iic surface, a supportfor said traihc surface, means lixedlyisecuring said support and said traffic surfacetogether and means attaching said pavement matsto` said foundation members'. Y Y y 3. In apavement, foundation Vme ibcrs, Va pavement mat supported by a plurality fof said foundation members,said,pavementmat'lcon-l sisting of a traliicsurfacecontaining a bituminous 4and a fibrous material, a support for said traine surface, means firedly securing j support and said traffic surface together and means attaching said pavement mats to said foundation members.

ii. In a pavement, foundation members, a pavement mat supported by a plurality of said foundation members, said pavement mat consisting of a traffic surface containing a bituminous and a fibrous material, a wood support for said traffic surface, means fxedly securing said support and said trac surface together and means attaching said pavement mats to said foundation members.

5. In a pavement, ties, a rail attached to said ties, a rail filler in said rail adapted to fill the space against the web of the rail below the underside of the ball and above the base of the rail and extending outwardly from the web of the rail and means supporting said rail filler, said means being held in position by a plurality of ties.

6. In a pavement, a rail, ties supporting said rail, a rail filler in contact with said rail, a pavement mat adjacent to said rail filler, said paving mat composed of a rigid supporting memberadapted to support said mat on a plurality of said ties and a traffic surface attached to said supporting member, said trafiic surface containing a bituminous and fibrous material, compacted to form a relatively rigid, yet plastic slab, and means sealing the joint between said mat and said rail filler.

7. In a railway construction, a rail, ties supporting said rail, a rail filler in said rail, an angle iron supporting the opposite side of said rail filler on the ties.

8. A rail filler to contact with the web of the rail and having a portion extending upward from the rail, an angle iron adapted to support the outer portion on any suitable foundation. p

9. A rail filler composed of suitable material having a portion adapted to contact with the web of the rail and a portion eX- tending upward away from the rail, an angle iron in contact with said last mentioned portion adapted to support said rail filler on .rail ties.

Y 10. In a railway construction a rail, a pavement adjacent to the rail, a rail filler in said rail, an angle iron. supporting the edge of said filler and means iXedly securing the angle iron to the adjacent pavement.

11. A removable pavement unit consisting of a rigid supporting base, a traiiic surface containing a iibrous and bituminous material, and means passing through the traffic surfacev into the supporting base iXedly securing the traffic surface in place on the .supporting base.

l2. A pavement unit consisting of a rigid supporting member, a trafc surface containing a homogeneous mixture of bituminous,

lfibrous and granular mineral materials formed into a relatively rigid yet plastic compact slab, and means passing through said trafiic surface into the supporting member xedly securing said traffic surface and supporting member together.

13. Iny a railway construction, a rail, ties supporting said rail, a rail ller in said rail, an angle iron engaging and supporting a corner of said rail filler.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

EUGENE KELLER, JR. 

